Fundamental overlapping action animation

overlapping action animation 

     A bouncing ball with a tail.
overlapping action is a general heading for two closely related techniques which help to render movement more realistically, and help to give the impression that characters follow the laws of physics
 "overlapping action " is the tendency for parts of the body to move at different rates (an arm will move on different timing of the head and so on)
These parts can be inanimate objects like clothing or the antenna on a car, or parts of the body, such as arms or hair. On the human body, the torso is the core, with arms, legs, head and hair appendices that normally follow the torso's movement.

Overlapping action is the animation principle that captures how parts of an object move at different rates. Capturing the nature of the movement as well as the slight variations in timing and speed of these parts makes objects seem more natural. An action should never be brought to a complete stop before starting another action. Overlapping maintains a continual flow between whole phrases of actions.

i had to animate  exercising the things i have learned about the bouncing ball and overlap.
                                                   overlapping action planning animation

                                            final out put maya overlapping action animation

it is very good rig for overlapping

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